Algerian Journal of Research and Technology (AJRT)

Evaluation of the Effects of Dissolved CO₂ Gas on the Corrosion Rate of API 5L X60 Steel Crude Oil Pipelines, Considering the Effect of Vibration

2025-04-03T19:25:31+00:00

Vibrations in crude oil pipelines can occur due to the flow of crude oil, pumps, wind, earthquakes, and human activities. When vibrations are combined with corrosive environments and dissolved gases, especially CO₂, they can accelerate corrosion and ultimately lead to failure. In this study, a novel vibration immersion test was conducted in the laboratory under various temperatures and low CO₂ dissolved gas pressures to investigate the corrosion rate in API 5L X60 steel pipelines. The experimental 1991 De Waard-Lotz-Milliams correlation and a neural network method were used to evaluate the effects of CO₂ gas levels on overall corrosion rates. The results indicate that temperature, CO₂ partial pressure, and vibration directly influence corrosion rates. The corrosion rate increases uniformly at constant vibration and CO₂ partial pressure as temperature rises, exceeding 1%. At constant vibration and temperature, corrosion rates increase uniformly by less than 1% with increasing CO₂ partial pressure.

Kinetics of Diels-Alder Reaction Using Organic Molecular Models

2025-03-25T10:25:03+00:00

To synthesize biopolymers with specific biodegradability and water solubility properties through the Diels-Alder and retro-Diels-Alder reactions, model molecules such as tri-(1-ethyl-pyrrole-2,5-dione) amine, exo-3,6-epoxy anhydride-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic, and bismaleimide were designed. The Diels-Alder cycloaddition was envisioned as a strategy to develop polymeric materials with potential self-healing, recyclability, and thermal reversibility properties. These polymers serve as carriers for active compounds.

NMR spectroscopy, including ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR, was employed to elucidate the structural characteristics of the synthesized compounds. The progress of the Diels-Alder reaction over time at room temperature and at 40°C between furan and 1,1'-(Methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bismaleimide (commercial bismaleimide) was monitored using ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Conversion rates of 95% at 40°C and 87% at 25°C were achieved after 16 hours.

Infographics Assisted by Generative Models

2025-03-25T10:53:54+00:00

However, an extensive search for a suitable logo generator yielded limited results. To address this, a stable diffusion generative model was adapted using LoRA to generate logo images based on textual input, demonstrating successful outcomes. Multiple LoRAs were created and merged with the stable diffusion model to produce coherent and contextually relevant logos. This approach is accessible to users without coding experience through a web interface available on the Hugging Face platform.

Comparative Analysis of Metaheuristic Algorithms for Extracting Electrical Parameters of PV Modules

2025-03-25T11:15:31+00:00

This paper presents a comparison of various metaheuristic algorithms used for extracting electrical parameters from specific photovoltaic (PV) panels. The focus lies on assessing and comparing the efficiency of eight chosen algorithms in precisely deriving electrical parameters from PV modules, selected for their novelty and widespread use. The ODM mathematical model was utilized due to its exceptional precision and simplicity to accomplish this aim. Next, a series of simulations were executed to establish the optimal electrical parameters with the best root mean square (RMS) values for each algorithm. The resulting dataset from these simulations was then analysed and compared to draw the final conclusions. The primary goal of this comparative analysis is to obtain valuable knowledge about the abilities of various new Metaheuristic algorithms in determining the electrical parameters of photovoltaic modules.

Reliability of the Park’s Vector method in induction motor drives fault diagnosis-Case of IGBT open circuit fault and rotor fault

2025-03-25T11:24:57+00:00

Variable speed drives of induction motors have increased the use of this type in different industrial fields. Unfortunately, this association can become problematic in the case of a simultaneous fault: an IGBT open circuit fault of one of the inverter arms and a broken rotor bar fault in the induction motor. Among the conventional diagnostic methods, the Park’s vector approach is a very efficient method to locate the faulty IGBT in an inverter. Also, it is very reliable in monitoring the severity of the rotor fault, provided that the induction motor is fed directly from the grid. The aim of this paper is to study the reliability of this method in the case of a simultaneous fault. To this end, several experimental tests are performed to study the performance of this method when the motor is fed by an inverter, in the case of both an IGBT open circuit fault and a broken rotor bar fault.